Ⅰ. Introduction
o National policies implemented to achieve specific goals can be divided into technology-push policies and market-pull policies.
ㅇ Technology-push policy refers to measures that provide technical and financial benefits to the target to be promoted, such as providing funds or other incentives to achieve policy goals
ㅇ Market-pull policy refers to a policy that creates or increases market demand to achieve a policy goal, and is divided into two types: market-based instruments and regulatory measures
- Market-based instruments are further subdivided into three categories: price-driven, quantity-driven, and information-driven
o In order to respond to climate change and achieve the goal of carbon neutrality, countries have implemented various policies
ㅇ Technology-push policy: expansion of national R&D subsidies related to renewable energy, provision of tax benefits related to renewable energy R&D investment, support for commercialization of eco-friendly vehicles, etc.
ㅇ Regulatory measures in market-pull policies: Emission Trading System (ETS), greenhouse gas and energy target management system, etc.
ㅇ Price-driven measures in market-based instruments: subsidy policies such as the Feed in Tariff (FIT) for renewable energy, etc.
ㅇ Quantity-driven measures in market-based instruments: ETS, etc.
ㅇInformation-driven measures in market-based instruments: Carbon Labeling, etc.
o National policies for achieving carbon neutrality goals lead to various trade disputes
ㅇPrice-driven measures lead to the introduction of Local Content Requirements (LCR) that grants discrimin