Ⅰ. Introduction
1. Research background
o About 140 nations have committed to achieving carbon neutrality, and each city and region of those nations have set the plan to reach net-zero emissions that consider the future directions of development.
ㅇ Achieving carbon neutrality goals largely depends on the level of implementation of the carbon neutrality plans at the city or regional level and efforts in cities of high population concentration are paramount.
o Waste management is expected to become more important in the urban planning system in the future as waste is closely linked to resources in terms of the relationship between production/consumption and input/output.
ㅇ In particular, the necessity and feasibility of smart cities will be even greater as they can facilitate the smarter management of the complex material circularity, considering that tracking the material flow can be easier in the future with the spread of smart cities both inside and outside the country.
o As the problem of waste generation becomes serious, it is required to minimize the use of natural resources by avoiding the current structure of a linear economy that is “raw material extraction - mass production &consumption o disposal” and to establish a concrete circular city system by paying attention to the concept of “circular economy” which reuses products, components, and materials as much as possible.
ㅇ In Korea, the policy and business regarding “Smart City” are becoming actively implemented, and the direction for establishing sustainable cities by securing the circularity and effective use of m