Ⅰ. Background and Purpose of the Study
1. Background
oIf development investment projects (residential development, road construction, industrial complexes, etc.) are carried out in North Korea in the future, should the environmental impact assessment be based on the North Korean or the South Korean system? Environmental impact assessment is a system in which residents' briefing sessions, public hearings, and information disclosure are provided as collateral. Can briefing sessions and public hearings be held in North Korea as they are in South Korea? In South Korea, briefing sessions and public hearings are often canceled due to the resistance of residents. Conversely, in the case of public hearings in North Korea, can residents freely raise objections?Who conducts the environmental impact assessment on North Korea development projects invested in by South Korea? North Korea or South Korea? In the case that North Korea conducts the environmental impact assessment, should the assessment criteria include items related to social impacts, such as resident migration? People may have different opinions. It is necessary to listen to the opinions of various experts and stakeholders regarding the revision of the system.

2. Purpose of the Study
oThis study aims to strengthen the establishment of environmental and social safeguards in preparation for future development investment projects in North Korea; the detailed objectives of which are as follows:First, prepare measures to improve the North Korean environmental impact assessment system (laws and guidelines; prepare measures to